Battery Manufacturing Process & Test Solutions

• Open circuit voltage : Refers to the voltage of the battery when it is not connected to an external circuit (load). The open circuit voltage has a certain relationship with the remaining energy of the battery, and the power display adopts this principle.
• Operating voltage : Refers to the potential difference between the positive and negative terminals of a battery when it is in an active state with current flowing in the circuit, also known as the load voltage. In the operational state of battery discharge, when the current flows through the inside of the battery, it must overcome the resistance of the internal resistance, so the working voltage is always lower than the open circuit voltage.
• Discharge cut-off voltage : Refers to the voltage reached after the battery is fully charged and fully discharged (if it continues to discharge, it is over-discharged, which will affect the life cycle and performance of the battery).
• Charge limit voltage : When reaching the Charge limit voltage, the charging mode changes from constant current to constant voltage.

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GDM-906x Dual Measurement Multimeter

6 1/2 Digit Display: 1,200,000 Counts

Capacity makes greatness
Relentless refinement

• The code is 100% compatible with that of 34401A (System ID can also be changed to 34401A)
• Best DC accuracy: ±(0.0035 + 0.0005), which is better than that of 34460A
• The fastest measurement speed is 10 times faster than the industry benchmark (10 k reading/sec v.s. 1 k reading/sec)

• DC internal resistance (DCIR) : According to the equivalent circuit of the battery, the DC measurement method is used, the capacitance is regarded as an open circuit, and the measured internal resistance is RΩ+ RCT.
• AC internal resistance (ACIR) : According to the equivalent circuit of the battery, the AC measurement method is used, the capacitance is regarded as a short circuit, and the measured internal resistance is RΩ.
• Structural contact resistance
• EIS Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy : EIS can separate and quantify the cell resistance of the bulk (Rb), interface layer (RSEI), charge transfer reaction (Rct), and diffusion process (W) by a single experiment.

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GBM-3000 Series Battery Meter

Dedicated Battery Tester (GBM-3300: 300V / GBM-3080: 80V)

All required functionalities in one
Mighty testing capability

• Features voltage and internal resistance measurements
• 3.5-inch LCD color screen: Intuitive settings and measurements
• Best resolution: 0.1 µΩ and 10 µV

Source：IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ENERGY CONVERSION, VOL. 23, NO. 2, JUNE 2008 An Improved Battery Characterization Method Using a Two-Pulse Load Test Martin Coleman, William Gerard Hurley, and Chin Kwan Lee

Recommended measurement methods:

• Applying the discharge test function of the GMC-1000 MetaView IoT Wizard solution, three steps: discharge → idle → discharge to test the voltage and current, record the readings to find out △V2 and calculate it.
• Applying the PEL-3000 series or the PEL-2000B series, the stand-alone unit function can also be used to calculate after obtaining the record file through the battery test mode.
• Related EIS test functions are now available.

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GOM-804&805 DC Milli-Ohm Meter

Pulse measurement to eliminate thermal coupling errors

• High precision resistance measurement for contacts and joints
• Pulse current output mode to prevent thermal electromotive force errors